●藝術(shù)品名稱：銅鎏金戰(zhàn)馬擺件
●藝術(shù)品類別：雜項 ●年代：漢代
●藝術(shù)品規(guī)格：長：51cm 高：47cm 重：5600g
● art name: bronze gilt steeds ornaments
● art category: miscellaneous ● era: Han dynasty
● art specifications: length: 51c m high: 47 cm weight: 5600 g

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銅馬作站立狀，體型龐大，情態(tài)神駿，昂頭，張口，氣勢宏偉。前腿刻三角紋兩處，馬蹄堅實有彈性。馬尾另鑄鉚接或焊接的，馬身中空。在我國古代車馬并舉，所謂御車也就是御馬，所謂乘馬也就是乘車。一車四馬為一乘，春秋戰(zhàn)國時代，按車乘的多少區(qū)分國之大小。天子是萬乘之國，諸侯是千乘之國。到了戰(zhàn)國，趙武靈王胡服騎射，匈奴人的騎馬術(shù)逐漸流行中原。在器具時代，馬擔(dān)當(dāng)著馱載英雄奔赴疆場的重任，也曾在出行時負(fù)責(zé)交通、禮儀，還曾在農(nóng)田里當(dāng)做畜力被役使。到了當(dāng)代，馬又承擔(dān)起體育競技和娛樂的使命。
Bronze horse stands in a huge shape, with a majestic spirit, a proud head, a wide mouth and a magnificent momentum. The front legs are carved with triangular lines, and the water chestnut is firm and elastic. Horsetail is riveted or welded by casting, and the horse body is hollow. In ancient China, horses and chariots were used simultaneously, so-called royal vehicles were royal horses, and so-called riding horses were riding. One car, four horses for one ride, in the spring and autumn period and the warring States period, according to the number of cars to distinguish the size of the country. The son of heaven is a land of thousands of rides, and the vassal States are a land of thousands of rides. In the warring States period, king Wuling of Zhao hufu rode and shot, and Xiongnu riding became popular in the central plains. In the cold-weapon era, horses took on the heavy responsibility of carrying heroes to the battlefield, and they were also responsible for transportation and etiquette when traveling in the royal family, and were used as animals in farmland. In modern times, horse has taken on the mission of sports competition and entertainment.

“馬到成功”即是馬上得天下，是對中國馬的歷史功用的生動寫照；車水馬龍的典故來自漢朝賢后馬氏，她當(dāng)太后之后，其子想為舅舅們加官進(jìn)爵，馬氏卻以其兄弟家車如水流、馬如長龍(比擬)而拒絕。金戈鐵馬，戎馬倥傯……正因為有了那一匹匹堅韌、沉默的戰(zhàn)馬，古代英雄才愈發(fā)顯得英姿颯爽。
" horse to success" means gaining the world immediately, and it is a vivid portrayal of the historical function of Chinese horse. The allusions of traffic come from Mahalanobis, the sage of Han dynasty. after she became the queen mother, her son wanted to add rank to his uncles, but Mahalanobis refused because his brothers' cars were like water and horses were like long queues ( compared with luxury ). The ancient heroes are more and more heroic because of the tenacious and silent horses.
銅鎏金戰(zhàn)馬的體型，作為一種藝術(shù)形象，首見于西漢武帝時期。此后一直到唐朝末年約1000年間，近似于這種體型的馬卻屢見不乏。根據(jù)常洪、王仁波考證，鎏金銅馬是飼養(yǎng)在上林苑或御廄中的大宛天馬的藝術(shù)造型。
As an artistic image, the figure of bronze - gilt steeds was first seen in the period of emperor wudi of western Han dynasty. From then on until the end of the Tang dynasty, about 1,000 years later, horses similar to this kind of figure were common. According to Chang hong and Wang renbo's textual research, gilt bronze horses are artistic shapes of Dayuan Tianma raised in shanglinyuan or royal stables.

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